patito.Field

class patito.Field(default=PydanticUndefined, *, default_factory=None, alias=None, title=None, description=None, exclude=None, include=None, const=None, gt=None, ge=None, lt=None, le=None, multiple_of=None, allow_inf_nan=None, max_digits=None, decimal_places=None, min_items=None, max_items=None, unique_items=None, min_length=None, max_length=None, allow_mutation=True, regex=None, discriminator=None, repr=True, **extra)

Annotate model field with additional type and validation information.

This class is built on pydantic.Field and you can find its full documentation here. Patito adds additional parameters which are used when validating dataframes, these are documented here.

Parameters:

  • constraints (Union[polars.Expression, List[polars.Expression]) – A single constraint or list of constraints, expressed as a polars expression objects. All rows must satisfy the given constraint. You can refer to the given column with pt.field, which will automatically be replaced with polars.col(<field_name>) before evaluation.

  • unique (bool) – All row values must be unique.

  • dtype (polars.datatype.DataType) – The given dataframe column must have the given polars dtype, for instance polars.UInt64 or pl.Float32.

  • gt (Optional[float]) – All values must be greater than gt.

  • ge (Optional[float]) – All values must be greater than or equal to ge.

  • lt (Optional[float]) – All values must be less than lt.

  • le (Optional[float]) – All values must be less than or equal to lt.

  • multiple_of (Optional[float]) – All values must be multiples of the given value.

  • const (bool) – If set to True all values must be equal to the provided default value, the first argument provided to the Field constructor.

  • regex (str) – UTF-8 string column must match regex pattern for all row values.

  • min_length (int) – Minimum length of all string values in a UTF-8 column.

  • max_length (int) – Maximum length of all string values in a UTF-8 column.

Returns:

Object used to represent additional constraints put upon the given field.

Return type:

FieldInfo

Examples

>>> import patito as pt
>>> import polars as pl
>>> class Product(pt.Model):
...     # Do not allow duplicates
...     product_id: int = pt.Field(unique=True)
...
...     # Price must be stored as unsigned 16-bit integers
...     price: int = pt.Field(dtype=pl.UInt16)
...
...     # The product name should be from 3 to 128 characters long
...     name: str = pt.Field(min_length=3, max_length=128)
...
...     # Represent colors in the form of upper cased hex colors
...     brand_color: str = pt.Field(regex=r"^\#[0-9A-F]{6}$")
...
>>> Product.DataFrame(
...     {
...         "product_id": [1, 1],
...         "price": [400, 600],
...         "brand_color": ["#ab00ff", "AB00FF"],
...     }
... ).validate()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  ...
patito.exceptions.ValidationError: 4 validation errors for Product
name
  Missing column (type=type_error.missingcolumns)
product_id
  2 rows with duplicated values. (type=value_error.rowvalue)
price
  Polars dtype Int64 does not match model field type.           (type=type_error.columndtype)
brand_color
  2 rows with out of bound values. (type=value_error.rowvalue)